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Rachel Rowlands, Editor & Author
sentence-level editing

Copyediting and line editing

which one do i need?

Copy and line editing explained

Copyediting involves:

  • Technical corrections – such as errors in punctuation, spelling, and grammar. Changes are made to improve the accuracy, consistency, and flow of the text, including continuity errors.
  • Applying an industry style guide (such as Chicago for US English or New Hart’s Rules for UK English) to ensure uniformity.
  • Creating a detailed style sheet to track editorial decisions and make sure everything is consistent, even across a long series.
  • Formatting checks, such as correcting chapter headings, page breaks, scene breaks, and indentations.

What is copyediting? »

Line editing involves:

  • Stylistic in-depth editing, focusing on flow, word choice, clarity, and smoothness.
  • Improving your writing and helping you become a better writer by identifying areas of writing craft that need work.
  • Highlighting sentence-level issues such as redundancy, unclear sections, awkward tone shifts, pacing problems, etc.
  • Expert guidance. It’s sometimes known as heavy copyediting, but goes deeper – think of it like a sentence-level writing coach.

What is line editing? »

How to choose

For most self-publishing authors, I recommend a combined copy and line edit. This provides you with a comprehensive edit, covering both the technical and stylistic aspects of writing. You’ll receive a polished manuscript as well as line-level writing craft coaching to help you improve your writing skills. I’ll always consider your needs and writing experience, so the intensity of the edit can be adjusted to suit you – some authors only require copyediting. I will discuss this with you after taking a look at a sample of your work.

For authors who are seeking traditional publishing, you won’t need copyediting at this stage, as this would be provided for you by a publisher. Line editing can help you refine your work stylistically before submitting to agents or publishers, particularly if you’d like to improve your manuscript at a sentence level, without overhauling the story itself. This can be useful for authors who are worried about awkward or clunky passages, the flow of scenes and chapters, perspective issues, and so on. A line edit can guide you in developing your writing craft.

LINE EDITING VS COPYEDITING: WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE? »

what you get

Service includes…


For both copyediting and line editing, you will receive a fully edited manuscript marked up in Microsoft Word using the Track Changes feature. This is the easiest way for you to see and understand my edits and comments, as everything is tracked in red. You’ll also receive a set of detailed editing notes expanding on the edit in more depth, including explanations, broader comments, and any revision choices you need to consider.

A customised resource sheet will be created for you, with further reading that will allow you to develop your writing craft.

For copyediting services, a style sheet will be sent to you outlining all of my key editorial decisions. A review of any changes you make based on my edits is included with a copyedit.

For line editing and heavier editing, reviews of changes are available for an additional charge.

Investment

Sentence-level editing is where pricing can vary the most, as the intensity of the edit required differs depending on the manuscript and how many line-level changes may be needed.

Combined copy/line editing: Full-length novels typically fall between £1,400 and £3,500, depending on length and complexity.

Copyediting only: Full-length novels typically fall between £1,200 and £2,500, depending on length and complexity.

The process usually takes four to six weeks.

still unsure?

What other writers are saying

  • In capable hands

    You are amazingly thorough. I love your process and your level of detail. And your enthusiasm for the story means everything. THANK YOU so, so much for levelling this manuscript up. I knew it was in capable hands. I don’t feel any anxiety around looking at these edits, and trust me that is an enormous feat.
    The Twin Flame by K.T. Anglehart
    K.T. Anglehart
    Author of the Scottish Scrolls series
    Website
  • Top-quality

    I can’t praise Rachel enough. From the first conversation we had, I could see how professional she was, but, more importantly, how much she genuinely wanted to help bring my projects to life. Her editing skills are top-quality, not only catching and highlighting issues for me to address but giving me detailed feedback and critiques to help me improve as a writer. As an added bonus, every deadline was met and work was delivered promptly, which helped me keep to my own schedules. I look forward to working with her on future projects!
    Introductions: Volume One by Dave McCreery
    dave mccreery
    Sci-fi and fantasy author
    Website
  • Amazing

    If you ever need an editor, Rachel is AMAZING. She’s so nice, professional, and understanding. Working with her has been great!
    Kristen hynes
    YA author
  • Impressed

    The thing that convinced me to keep going was the quality of your editing and the dedication you put into it – you didn’t just point to the issues, you came to me with real, constructive ideas and suggestions. These are very helpful to a non-native English speaker, since showing me what you mean can make up for thousands of words of advice. What’s more, you did all this while truly respecting my voice and authorial style. I am impressed.
    catherine stowe
    Sci-fi/thriller author
  • Incredibly high standard

    The editing and feedback Rachel has provided have proven invaluable to the structure of my work, and my progress as a fledgling writer. She not only patiently explained each change she made to my manuscript, but she also gave me advice about the grammatical mistakes I was repeatedly making. Her obvious love of reading and enthusiasm for writing make her a great editor, but her kindness makes her an excellent one. Rachel’s editing was carried out quickly, to an incredibly high standard, and I cannot recommend her highly enough, except to say that I hope to be coming to her with my manuscripts for many years to come.
    ashlie m.
    YA author
  • Would not hesitate to recommend

    I’ve been lucky enough to count Rachel among Black Library’s pool of freelance editors and proofreaders since 2018, and since then she has lent her talents to a variety of products across our range, including work on our fantasy, science-fiction and horror genres. Rachel is a professional and conscientious editor, taking the time to provide in-depth queries where necessary. She is extremely thorough in her work, always hits deadlines, and is seemingly never phased by the amount of unusual terms to be found in our fiction! She has worked on both short and long-form stories, and seems eager to tackle any task. I would not hesitate to recommend her services.
    Darkness in the Blood by Guy Haley
    Karen miksza, desk editor
    Black Library (Games Workshop)
    Website
  • A better manuscript

    I admire your editing skills. You know how to look through the reader’s eyes and have surprised me with several comments which will make the manuscript so much better. Thanks again for your help.
    S.T. HILLS
    Crime author
  • Forensic

    Rachel line and copy-edited my forthcoming book, The Last Secret of The Soul. Her attention to point of view, spelling, grammar, and continuity is forensic. She is also very friendly, helpful and flexible. I highly recommend her.
    The Last Secret of the Soul by Stephen P Smith
    Stephen p. smith
    Historical fiction author
    Website
  • A devoted editor

    I am a new writer, and Rachel not only seemed very interested in my book, but she often communicated with me about the editing itself, which I was very new at. Rachel went over my monster of a manuscript and showed me parts that needed to be rewritten, fixed, and changed and I feel my manuscript will become better because of it. If you are a new writer, and would like a professional to go over your book, I believe Rachel is one of the most devoted to making your book the best it can be.
    A.L. Hornbeck
    Fantasy author

Book your copy/line edit

    Member of the Editorial Freelancers Association

    Rest peacefully, lovely Jesper. The second cat we' Rest peacefully, lovely Jesper. The second cat we've lost in six weeks. 😔 **Please do ignore this and scroll on by you're sensitive to pet loss/pet death**

First, we lost the gorgeous stray my husband bonded with, Chunk, just before Christmas. And now we've had to say goodbye to beautiful Jesper. She was 16 years old and my husband's baby. He got her about 3 months into our relationship. She was a constant in our lives ever since. When my own cat Lily (second photo) became unwell, she lay with her daily and cleaned her. Later, when we brought Haru home, she bonded to a feisty kitten who ended up growing bigger than her. 

But Jesper had become very poorly and we had to let her go this week.

I won't say much more as I believe so many moments in life are precious and should be private and cherished. I will say that, if you didn't know, I based one of the cat café's cats on her – Jess, the one who likes to nuzzle hair when it's freshly shampooed. She did that a lot. She was very sweet and was my husband's shadow. She liked to be carried around on his shoulders and wanted to be around him every second of the day. Her absence is palpable.

She'll be so very missed. ❤️🙏
    Snowed In at the Cat Café is now out in eight lang Snowed In at the Cat Café is now out in eight languages and nine territories outside the UK/US 🥹❤️ Look at how lovely all these editions look together! Do you have a favourite cover?

I still remember the absolute whirlwind of selling this book in 2023, right before Christmas, and all the foreign deals that quickly came in after. I don't think it's something I'll ever forget! After enduring seven years of rejection while submitting my work at various stages, the sudden flurry of interest was intense and so exciting! All these editions remind me of how hard I worked to get here and how proud I am of this book! It really changed everything for me as an author. 

I'm so incredibly grateful to have my stories be read so widely, after many years thinking no one was interested in my work at all. What a true gift to be here. 🙏 💕🐱
    Earlier this week, I received copies of the Quebec Earlier this week, I received copies of the Quebec French edition of Snowed In at the Cat Café, published by @saintjeanediteur. 🥰 I love the attention to detail on this cover – the slope indicating the café is on a hill, the lamp post outside, the baked goods in the windows! It's so cute and cosy. 

Snowed In is out in eight languages now (and nine territories around the world). I still can't believe it! It's such an enormous honor to have my words translated for readers all over the world. I can’t wait to receive author copies of some of the other translations! ❤️

#snowedinatthecatcafe #catcafeseries
    We now have a winner from the prize draw last mont We now have a winner from the prize draw last month to have your cat's name featured in First Dates at the Cat Café... Nutmeg!! 🐱🐱 This lovely name will join Catpurrcino, and will be the name of the newest addition to the cat café. The @hodderbooks @hodderfiction team did an amazing job shortlisting some names from all your entries, and it was tough for me to choose the winner, but I just loved the name Nutmeg and thought it was so cosy and fitting for the café. ❤️ 

Congratulations to Nutmeg! 🥰 Hope you and your owner are excited to see your name in the series. 

#firstdatesatthecatcafe #catcafeseries
    It snowed so there was only one thing to do on my It snowed so there was only one thing to do on my break from wading through new year emails... take pretty book pictures! 📚❄️ 

Haru does not like snow. Scroll for evidence. 😂 If she was a cat café cat, you'd find her snuggled indoors in the Cat Lounge pretending she wasn't snowed in at all. Far cosier that way.

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